Journal: Journal of Ophthalmic & Vision Research

Article Title: The Antitumor Effect of Topotecan Loaded Thiolated Chitosan-Dextran Nanoparticles for Intravitreal Chemotherapy: A Xenograft Retinoblastoma Model

doi: 10.18502/jovr.v18i1.12727

Figure Lengend Snippet: The cytotoxicity test was conducted on the Y79 cells exposed to TPH (1), CMD-TCs-NPs (2), and TPH-CMD-TCs-NPs (3) ( n = 3, mean ± standard error of the mean). The statistical analysis was conducted using Kruskal–Wallis and Bonferroni post hoc test.

Article Snippet: The human Rb cell line (Y79) was obtained from Pasteur Institute (Tehran, Iran) and cell-counting solution (Orangu TM) was prepared by Cambridge Bioscience.

Techniques: Concentration Assay, Standard Deviation, Comparison

Journal: Cancer Nanotechnology

Article Title: Bio-conjugation of antioxidant peptide on surface-modified gold nanoparticles: a novel approach to enhance the radical scavenging property in cancer cell

doi: 10.1186/s12645-016-0013-x

Figure Lengend Snippet: Evaluation of antioxidant activities of Pep-A and Pep-B, inhibitions of ROS and SOD levels by antioxidant peptide A. a Antioxidant activities of Pep-A and Pep-B were evident from the decrease in ROS levels in Y79 RB cells on peptide treatment. The percentage decrease in ROS levels relative to untreated control can be noticed. * indicates the significant difference at P < 0.05 relative to 10 µM of peptide A. b Antioxidant Pep-A- and Pep-B-treated Y79 RB cells showed initial decrease in SOD activity when treated at 10–50 µM, and at 100 µM, the enzyme activity increased. SOD activity was calculated as a percentage of the inhibition activity of xanthine oxidase and depicted as increase/decrease relative to untreated control. Data points indicate mean ± SEM of duplicate values. * indicates the significant difference at P < 0.05 relative to 50 µM of Pep-A

Article Snippet: Y79 retinoblastoma cell line (RCB1645) was obtained from RIKEN BioResource Center cell bank (Ibaraki, Japan) and maintained with an atmosphere containing 5 % CO 2 at 37 °C in RPMI 1640 media (Sigma-Aldrich, USA) with 10 % FBS.

Techniques: Control, Activity Assay, Inhibition

Journal: Cancer Nanotechnology

Article Title: Bio-conjugation of antioxidant peptide on surface-modified gold nanoparticles: a novel approach to enhance the radical scavenging property in cancer cell

doi: 10.1186/s12645-016-0013-x

Figure Lengend Snippet: Cell uptakes of antioxidant peptide A in Y79 RB cells evaluated by flow cytometry. a Untreated Y79 RB cells, b and c cells treated with 50 and 100 µM of Pep-A showing maximum (99 %) number of FITC positive population in M2. d Overlay picture showing peptide uptakes in control and treated Y79 RB cells

Article Snippet: Y79 retinoblastoma cell line (RCB1645) was obtained from RIKEN BioResource Center cell bank (Ibaraki, Japan) and maintained with an atmosphere containing 5 % CO 2 at 37 °C in RPMI 1640 media (Sigma-Aldrich, USA) with 10 % FBS.

Techniques: Flow Cytometry, Control

Journal: Cancer Nanotechnology

Article Title: Bio-conjugation of antioxidant peptide on surface-modified gold nanoparticles: a novel approach to enhance the radical scavenging property in cancer cell

doi: 10.1186/s12645-016-0013-x

Figure Lengend Snippet: Cell uptake of antioxidant peptide A in Y79 RB cells evaluated by fluorescence microscopy. Micrographs showing internalization of FITC-labeled peptide Pep-A after 3 h of treatment in Y79 RB cells. panel-1: control, panel-2: Pep-A, panel-3: GNPs, and panel-4: GNPs-Pep-A. Magnification 10 × Magnification: 10× ( Scale bar : 10 μm)

Article Snippet: Y79 retinoblastoma cell line (RCB1645) was obtained from RIKEN BioResource Center cell bank (Ibaraki, Japan) and maintained with an atmosphere containing 5 % CO 2 at 37 °C in RPMI 1640 media (Sigma-Aldrich, USA) with 10 % FBS.

Techniques: Fluorescence, Microscopy, Labeling, Control

Journal: Cancer Nanotechnology

Article Title: Bio-conjugation of antioxidant peptide on surface-modified gold nanoparticles: a novel approach to enhance the radical scavenging property in cancer cell

doi: 10.1186/s12645-016-0013-x

Figure Lengend Snippet: Functional studies with GNPs and GNPs-Pep-A bio conjugate. a Native GNPs treated on Y79 RB cells at varying dosages for 6, 12, and 24 h showed both dose- and time-dependent decreases in cell viability. # indicates statistical significant difference with respect to the controls for 50 µM at 24 h, whereas # indicates significant differences at 6, 12, and 24 h for 100 µM with respect to control at P < 0.05. b GNPs-Pep-A decreased the ROS levels in Y79 RB cells effectively compared to GNPs alone and peptide alone (Fig. a). The final concentration of 50 µM GNPs (Moles of gold) used for functional study. GNPs-PepA 1 and GNPs-PepA contain the final concentrations of Pep-A being 100 and 250 µM, respectively. Each column indicates mean percentage inhibition of ROS levels from triplicate values relative to untreated control. Error bars SEM from triplicate values. * indicates the significant difference relative to GNPs at P < 0.05. c GNPs-Pep-A increased the SOD enzyme activity by 1.3-fold compared to 1.1-fold increase by GNPs alone. Each column indicates SOD activity (inhibition rate %) from triplicate values. Error bars indicate SEM from triplicate values. * Represents the statistical significant difference with respect to control at P < 0.05; # represent the significant difference relative to GNPs at P < 0.005. d Y79 RB cells treated with GNPs and GNPs-Pep-A were analyzed for mRNA expression of first-line defense antioxidant enzymes. GNPs and GNPs-Pep-A downregulated and upregulated the SOD (superoxide dismutase), GPX (glutathione peroxidase), and CAT (catalase) enzymes’ gene expression levels, respectively. Each column indicates mean ± SEM. of duplicate values

Article Snippet: Y79 retinoblastoma cell line (RCB1645) was obtained from RIKEN BioResource Center cell bank (Ibaraki, Japan) and maintained with an atmosphere containing 5 % CO 2 at 37 °C in RPMI 1640 media (Sigma-Aldrich, USA) with 10 % FBS.

Techniques: Functional Assay, Control, Concentration Assay, Inhibition, Activity Assay, Expressing, Gene Expression

Journal: Cancer Nanotechnology

Article Title: Bio-conjugation of antioxidant peptide on surface-modified gold nanoparticles: a novel approach to enhance the radical scavenging property in cancer cell

doi: 10.1186/s12645-016-0013-x

Figure Lengend Snippet: Cytotoxicity (MTT) assays with Pep-A and Pep-B. Cytotoxic effects of Peptide A and B analyzed at 24 and 48 h in Y79 RB cells ( a ) and ( b ), and MIO-M1 non-neoplastic cells ( c ), which were found to show no cytotoxicity in vitro

Article Snippet: Y79 retinoblastoma cell line (RCB1645) was obtained from RIKEN BioResource Center cell bank (Ibaraki, Japan) and maintained with an atmosphere containing 5 % CO 2 at 37 °C in RPMI 1640 media (Sigma-Aldrich, USA) with 10 % FBS.

Techniques: In Vitro

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Auxiliary effect of trolox on coenzyme Q 10 restricts angiogenesis and proliferation of retinoblastoma cells via the ERK/Akt pathway

doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-76135-0

Figure Lengend Snippet: Representative data from in-vitro assay of cell viability showing effects of CoQ 10 alone, trolox and combination of CoQ 10 and trolox on cell lines. ( a ) CoQ 10 at concentrations of 50µM and 30 µM trolox were safe on ARPE-19 cells and produced no toxicity. ( b ) The combination index value was found to be 0.9 which indicates towards the synergistic activity of CoQ 10 with trolox. ( c ) Representative images of cell death induced in Y79 cells when cultured in serum-supplemented RPMI media (control), trolox, CoQ 10 alone and combination of CoQ 10 with trolox. A significant decrease in cell number by both CoQ 10 alone as well as CoQ 10 with trolox was observed in Y79 cells. ( d ) The dose response curves of CoQ 10 and trolox indicated that CoQ 10 reduced Y79 population by 50% at IC 50 of 5.04 and trolox at IC 50 of 3.19. ( e ) The combined treatment value of CoQ 10 and trolox was determined to be 30 µM each for Y79 cells. Each bar represents mean ± SEM where n = 3. * p < 0.05 vs. control. DMSO = dimethylsulfoxide. Scale bar- 500 μm.

Article Snippet: Rb cell line Y79 was purchased from the National Centre for Cell Science (NCCS, Pune, Maharashtra, India) at PN 30 and authenticated by the STR method.

Techniques: In Vitro, Produced, Activity Assay, Cell Culture, Control

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Auxiliary effect of trolox on coenzyme Q 10 restricts angiogenesis and proliferation of retinoblastoma cells via the ERK/Akt pathway

doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-76135-0

Figure Lengend Snippet: Representative images showing the results of colony formation assay in Y79 cells. A significant decrease in the descending order was observed in the groups of trolox ( p < 0.05*), CoQ 10 ( p < 0.05*) and CoQ 10 combined with trolox ( p < 0.01**) when compared to control respectively. Each bar represents mean ± SEM where n = 3. Scale bar- 500 μm.

Article Snippet: Rb cell line Y79 was purchased from the National Centre for Cell Science (NCCS, Pune, Maharashtra, India) at PN 30 and authenticated by the STR method.

Techniques: Colony Assay, Control

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Auxiliary effect of trolox on coenzyme Q 10 restricts angiogenesis and proliferation of retinoblastoma cells via the ERK/Akt pathway

doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-76135-0

Figure Lengend Snippet: Representative images of estimation of Y79 cells by flow cytometry for generation of ROS. The percent ROS generating cells were 64.6% in control and which was marginally increased to 67% cells by trolox ( a ). However, the percentage increase in ROS generating cells was significant when treated with CoQ 10 alone (71%, p < 0.05*) and by CoQ 10 with trolox (88.4%, p < 0.01**); x axis = fluorescence intensity and y axis = count of cells ( b ). Histogram representing changes in MMP in Y79 cells ( c ). Both the doses of CoQ 10 alone and CoQ 10 with trolox increased ROS generation in Y79 cells by resulting in depolarization of MMP which was evident in the cell counts. Even though MMP lowered in trolox group, significantly lowered levels could be seen only in the groups of CoQ 10 alone ( p < 0.05*) and CoQ 10 combined with trolox ( p < 0.01**) vs. control respectively ( d ). Each bar represents mean ± SEM where n = 3. x axis = rhodamine intensity and y axis = count percent.

Article Snippet: Rb cell line Y79 was purchased from the National Centre for Cell Science (NCCS, Pune, Maharashtra, India) at PN 30 and authenticated by the STR method.

Techniques: Flow Cytometry, Control, Fluorescence

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Auxiliary effect of trolox on coenzyme Q 10 restricts angiogenesis and proliferation of retinoblastoma cells via the ERK/Akt pathway

doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-76135-0

Figure Lengend Snippet: A representative flow cytometric data for the analysis of cell cycle in Y79 cells. The accumulation of cells in the G2/M phase by treating with trolox (16.1%) increased marginally from the control group (13.9%). This percentage increased when cells were subjected to CoQ 10 alone (20.5%) and CoQ 10 combined with trolox (23.7%) after 48 h ( a ). A graphical representation of percentage of cells in the three stages of cell cycle ( b ). Each bar represents mean ± SEM where n = 3. * p < 0.05 and ** p < 0.01 vs. control. x axis = treatment groups; y axis = percent cell cycle distribution.

Article Snippet: Rb cell line Y79 was purchased from the National Centre for Cell Science (NCCS, Pune, Maharashtra, India) at PN 30 and authenticated by the STR method.

Techniques: Control

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Auxiliary effect of trolox on coenzyme Q 10 restricts angiogenesis and proliferation of retinoblastoma cells via the ERK/Akt pathway

doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-76135-0

Figure Lengend Snippet: The apoptotic stages of cells as demonstrated by Annexin V/PI assay in Y79 cells. The division of cells in the four apoptotic stages when exposed to treatment of trolox alone, CoQ 10 alone and combination of CoQ 10 with trolox ( a ). Graphical representation of quantification of cells showing significant deaths by trolox ( p < 0.05*), CoQ 10 ( p < 0.01**) and CoQ 10 with trolox ( p < 0.01**) ( b ). Each bar represents mean ± SEM where n = 3. * p < 0.05 and ** p < 0.01 vs. control. x axis = Annexin V; y axis = PI.

Article Snippet: Rb cell line Y79 was purchased from the National Centre for Cell Science (NCCS, Pune, Maharashtra, India) at PN 30 and authenticated by the STR method.

Techniques: Control

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Auxiliary effect of trolox on coenzyme Q 10 restricts angiogenesis and proliferation of retinoblastoma cells via the ERK/Akt pathway

doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-76135-0

Figure Lengend Snippet: Representative images of co-culture of HUVECs with Y79 cells. The cell number of HUVECs in control group of HUVECs + Y79 remained unaffected after incubation of 48 h ( a ). Quantification of cell numbers which were significantly reduced by CoQ 10 alone and with trolox ( b ). The appearance of tumour grafts on the CAM after inoculation of Y79 cells (4.3 × 10 5 cells) onto the chick CAM ( c ). Tumour observation and excision was done on ED12. Each bar represents mean ± SEM where n = 3. p < 0.05*, p < 0.01** vs. control. Scale bar- 500 μm.

Article Snippet: Rb cell line Y79 was purchased from the National Centre for Cell Science (NCCS, Pune, Maharashtra, India) at PN 30 and authenticated by the STR method.

Techniques: Co-Culture Assay, Control, Incubation

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Auxiliary effect of trolox on coenzyme Q 10 restricts angiogenesis and proliferation of retinoblastoma cells via the ERK/Akt pathway

doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-76135-0

Figure Lengend Snippet: The expressions of proteins produced by Y79 cells were analysed by western blotting. The blot of targeted proteins ( a ) showed that expression of targeted protein Akt was downregulated by both CoQ 10 alone ( p < 0.05*) as well as when combined with trolox ( p < 0.05*) ( b ). A similar pattern was observed while examining the pAkt downregulation by both CoQ 10 alone ( p < 0.01**) and CoQ 10 with trolox ( p < 0.05*) ( c ). Interestingly, the expression of ERK protein was brought down by only CoQ 10 alone ( p < 0.05*) ( d ), with the phosphorylated ERK expression being lowered by both CoQ 10 alone ( p < 0.05*) and CoQ 10 with trolox ( p < 0.05*) almost equally ( e ). Also, estimated were the variations in levels of pro-angiogenic factor VEGFA ( f ) and it was found that only the combination of CoQ 10 with trolox ( p < 0.05*) could downregulate its expressions ( g ). Data is represented as mean ± SE from three different experiments. * p < 0.05 and ** p < 0.01 vs. control.

Article Snippet: Rb cell line Y79 was purchased from the National Centre for Cell Science (NCCS, Pune, Maharashtra, India) at PN 30 and authenticated by the STR method.

Techniques: Produced, Western Blot, Expressing, Control

Journal: Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

Article Title: GSDME Increases Chemotherapeutic Drug Sensitivity by Inducing Pyroptosis in Retinoblastoma Cells

doi: 10.1155/2022/2371807

Figure Lengend Snippet: GSDME expression differences in human retinoblastoma. (a) Representative images of weak, medium, strong, and negative GSDME IHC staining. (b) Scatterplots of the average staining scores of GSDME expression in RB and peritumoral normal retinal tissues. (c) RT-PCR was applied to detect GSDME mRNA levels in the Y79, WERI-RB-1, and ARPE-19 cell lines. (d and e) The expression of GSDME protein was detected in the three cell lines using WB, and a quantitative map was drawn. (f and g) The expression of GSDME protein was detected in the three cell lines using immunofluorescence, and a quantitative map was drawn. Each experiment was repeated at least three times. Scale bar, 100 μ m.

Article Snippet: The human RB cell lines Y79 and WERI-RB-1 (Procell Life Science & Technology Co., Ltd., China) were cultured in the Roswell Park Memorial Institute 1640 (RPMI 1640 (HyClone, USA)), and the normal retinal pigment epithelial cell line ARPE-19 (Procell Life Science & Technology Co., Ltd., China) was cultured in Dulbecco's modified eagle medium (DMEM) (HyClone, USA) and high-glucose medium at 37°C with 5% CO 2 .

Techniques: Expressing, Immunohistochemistry, Staining, Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction, Immunofluorescence

Journal: Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

Article Title: GSDME Increases Chemotherapeutic Drug Sensitivity by Inducing Pyroptosis in Retinoblastoma Cells

doi: 10.1155/2022/2371807

Figure Lengend Snippet: IC 50 values and statistical analyses of carboplatin treatments in RB cell lines.

Article Snippet: The human RB cell lines Y79 and WERI-RB-1 (Procell Life Science & Technology Co., Ltd., China) were cultured in the Roswell Park Memorial Institute 1640 (RPMI 1640 (HyClone, USA)), and the normal retinal pigment epithelial cell line ARPE-19 (Procell Life Science & Technology Co., Ltd., China) was cultured in Dulbecco's modified eagle medium (DMEM) (HyClone, USA) and high-glucose medium at 37°C with 5% CO 2 .

Techniques:

Journal: Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

Article Title: GSDME Increases Chemotherapeutic Drug Sensitivity by Inducing Pyroptosis in Retinoblastoma Cells

doi: 10.1155/2022/2371807

Figure Lengend Snippet: After GSDME expression was upregulated by decitabine, pyroptosis was increased. (a and b) The toxicity of decitabine to Y79 and WERI-RB-1 cells was detected by CCK-8 assay at different concentrations of decitabine. (c and d) The mRNA expression of GSDME was detected using RT-PCR after treatment with different concentrations of decitabine for 3 days (the cells were centrifuged, and decitabine was replaced every day). (e and f) The protein level of GSDME in cells was quantitatively analysed by western blot. (g and h) The protein level of GSDME in cells was detected using immunofluorescence. (i and j) CCK-8 assay of Y79 and WERI-RB-1 cell viability after treatment with carboplatin or decitabine plus carboplatin. (k) The death morphologies of the three cell lines were observed using an Olympus microscope. Y79 and WERI-RB-1 cells were treated with decitabine plus carboplatin; ARPE-19 cells were treated with decitabine; black arrows, apoptotic cells; white arrows, pyroptotic cells. (l–p) GSDME-N and its pathway proteins were detected by WB. (q and r) Flow cytometry showed the ratio of FITC monostaining to FITC and PI double-positive staining after treatment with decitabine plus carboplatin, and quantitative maps were drawn for carboplatin-treated cells after 24 h. (s) LDH in the cell supernatant was detected by ELISA. Each experiment was repeated at least three times. Scale bar, 100 μ m.

Article Snippet: The human RB cell lines Y79 and WERI-RB-1 (Procell Life Science & Technology Co., Ltd., China) were cultured in the Roswell Park Memorial Institute 1640 (RPMI 1640 (HyClone, USA)), and the normal retinal pigment epithelial cell line ARPE-19 (Procell Life Science & Technology Co., Ltd., China) was cultured in Dulbecco's modified eagle medium (DMEM) (HyClone, USA) and high-glucose medium at 37°C with 5% CO 2 .

Techniques: Expressing, CCK-8 Assay, Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction, Western Blot, Immunofluorescence, Microscopy, Flow Cytometry, Staining, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Journal: Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

Article Title: GSDME Increases Chemotherapeutic Drug Sensitivity by Inducing Pyroptosis in Retinoblastoma Cells

doi: 10.1155/2022/2371807

Figure Lengend Snippet: IC 50 values and statistical analyses of decitabine and carboplatin treatments in RB cell lines.

Article Snippet: The human RB cell lines Y79 and WERI-RB-1 (Procell Life Science & Technology Co., Ltd., China) were cultured in the Roswell Park Memorial Institute 1640 (RPMI 1640 (HyClone, USA)), and the normal retinal pigment epithelial cell line ARPE-19 (Procell Life Science & Technology Co., Ltd., China) was cultured in Dulbecco's modified eagle medium (DMEM) (HyClone, USA) and high-glucose medium at 37°C with 5% CO 2 .

Techniques:

Journal: Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

Article Title: GSDME Increases Chemotherapeutic Drug Sensitivity by Inducing Pyroptosis in Retinoblastoma Cells

doi: 10.1155/2022/2371807

Figure Lengend Snippet: Pyroptosis increased in cell death forms after GSDME overexpression. (a and b) The expression level of GSDME protein was determined by WB. (c and d) The protein level of GSDME in cells was detected using immunofluorescence. (e and f) The IC 50 of Y79 and WERI-RB-1 cells was detected using CCK-8. (g) The death morphologies of the three cell lines were observed using an Olympus microscope. Y79 and WERI-RB-1 cells were transfected with LV-GSDME; black arrows, apoptotic cells; white arrows, pyroptotic cells. (h–l) GSDME-N and its pathway proteins were detected by WB. (m) LDH in the cell supernatant was detected by ELISA. Each experiment was repeated at least three times. Scale bar, 100 μ m.

Article Snippet: The human RB cell lines Y79 and WERI-RB-1 (Procell Life Science & Technology Co., Ltd., China) were cultured in the Roswell Park Memorial Institute 1640 (RPMI 1640 (HyClone, USA)), and the normal retinal pigment epithelial cell line ARPE-19 (Procell Life Science & Technology Co., Ltd., China) was cultured in Dulbecco's modified eagle medium (DMEM) (HyClone, USA) and high-glucose medium at 37°C with 5% CO 2 .

Techniques: Over Expression, Expressing, Immunofluorescence, CCK-8 Assay, Microscopy, Transfection, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Journal: Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

Article Title: GSDME Increases Chemotherapeutic Drug Sensitivity by Inducing Pyroptosis in Retinoblastoma Cells

doi: 10.1155/2022/2371807

Figure Lengend Snippet: IC 50 values and statistical analyses of LV-CN plus carboplatin and LV-GSDME plus carboplatin treatments in RB cell lines.

Article Snippet: The human RB cell lines Y79 and WERI-RB-1 (Procell Life Science & Technology Co., Ltd., China) were cultured in the Roswell Park Memorial Institute 1640 (RPMI 1640 (HyClone, USA)), and the normal retinal pigment epithelial cell line ARPE-19 (Procell Life Science & Technology Co., Ltd., China) was cultured in Dulbecco's modified eagle medium (DMEM) (HyClone, USA) and high-glucose medium at 37°C with 5% CO 2 .

Techniques:

Journal: Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

Article Title: GSDME Increases Chemotherapeutic Drug Sensitivity by Inducing Pyroptosis in Retinoblastoma Cells

doi: 10.1155/2022/2371807

Figure Lengend Snippet: IC 50 values and statistical analyses of carboplatin and Z-DEVD-FML plus carboplatin treatments in RB cell lines.

Article Snippet: The human RB cell lines Y79 and WERI-RB-1 (Procell Life Science & Technology Co., Ltd., China) were cultured in the Roswell Park Memorial Institute 1640 (RPMI 1640 (HyClone, USA)), and the normal retinal pigment epithelial cell line ARPE-19 (Procell Life Science & Technology Co., Ltd., China) was cultured in Dulbecco's modified eagle medium (DMEM) (HyClone, USA) and high-glucose medium at 37°C with 5% CO 2 .

Techniques: